Intel has been working for a while on an Arduino compatible development board which recently reached the second generation. The Intel Galileo Gen 2 is now more capable for robotics enthusiasts and can handle almost anything that you can run on it.
A hobbyist called Simon Bluett made the effort and builds a self-balancing robot with Intel Galileo Gen 2. The board is programmed via the Arduino IDE and uses a PID controller for processing the information and keep the robot in balance.
The robot pitch is maintained by a MPU-6050 accelerometer-gyroscope module and all the data provided by the module are sent via I2C to the Gen 2. Both motors are driven with an Arduino Motor Shield R3.